{"id":52369,"date":"2019-09-14T14:26:36","date_gmt":"2019-09-14T18:26:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/?p=52369"},"modified":"2025-02-25T19:36:40","modified_gmt":"2025-02-25T13:36:40","slug":"best-java-books","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/best-java-books\/","title":{"rendered":"14 Best Java Books for Programmers (2026)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Java is a <em>programming language<\/em> and <em>computing platform<\/em>, developed by Sun Microsystems in 1995. It is a class-based, object-oriented general purpose programming language. It is one of the most popular high level programming languages as it is intended to let application developers \u2018Write once, Run everywhere\u2019. Java is fast, secure and reliable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We can do so many things using java like, mobile app development, website development, GUI based programming and networking etc. You can accomplish many goals by learning Java. Thinking about the numerous uses of Java, a newbie or an advanced programmer in other language should learn Java.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Learning Java requires a lot of practice with a good book. There are a lot of books available to learn Java, but all of them are not considered to be effective. It is not easy to choose one of the best from hundreds of available books. So, let me help you in this, by introducing you with some of the best useful books.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>You may read: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/websites-learn-coding\/\">Best Free and Paid Websites to Learn Coding<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>I&#8217;ve listed 14 best java books below, but all the books aren\u2019t only for the newbie or for the advanced. To make it more easy to choose the suitable one for you, I have categorized these books in two parts, one for the newbie, another for the advanced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-best-java-books-for-beginners\">Best Java Books for Beginners<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-1-learn-java-in-one-day-and-learn-it-well\">1. Learn Java in One Day and Learn It Well<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"376\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Learn-Java-in-One-Day-and-Learn-It-Well.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-52383\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Learn-Java-in-One-Day-and-Learn-It-Well.jpg 376w, https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Learn-Java-in-One-Day-and-Learn-It-Well-72x96.jpg 72w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 376px) 100vw, 376px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Learn Java in One Day is an excellent book for the beginner, even if you have never coded before. Here, complex concepts are broken down into small steps to make it easier to understand. All the examples in this book will make your understanding deeper and clear. I strongly recommend this book for the beginners.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a class=\"moreinfo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/refer\/learn-java-one-day\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Buy This Book<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-2-head-first-java-2-nd-edition\">2. Head First Java (2<sup>nd<\/sup> edition)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"902\" height=\"1118\" src=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Head-First-Java-A-Brain-Friendly-Guide.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-52376\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Head-First-Java-A-Brain-Friendly-Guide.jpg 902w, https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Head-First-Java-A-Brain-Friendly-Guide-77x96.jpg 77w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 902px) 100vw, 902px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Head First Java is an unique beginner book. This book show you the syntax of java and also let think like a java programmer in a unique way. This book is a complete introduction to java and object-oriented programming. It\u2019s fast, fun and most importantly effective.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a class=\"moreinfo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/refer\/head-first-java\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Buy This Book<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-3-beginning-programming-with-java-5-th-edition\">3. Beginning Programming with Java (5<sup>th<\/sup> Edition)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"260\" height=\"325\" src=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Beginning-Programming-with-Java-for-Dummies.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-52372\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Beginning-Programming-with-Java-for-Dummies.jpg 260w, https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Beginning-Programming-with-Java-for-Dummies-77x96.jpg 77w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 260px) 100vw, 260px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Beginning Programming with Java for Dummies is an easy-to-follow guide for the beginner. Anyone who are interested to learn java, can collect this book for perfect understanding and learning. This book is clear and detailed enough that it won\u2019t leave you clueless.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a class=\"moreinfo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/refer\/beginning-programming-java\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Buy This Book<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-4-introduction-to-java-programming-10-th-edition\">4. Introduction to Java Programming (10<sup>th<\/sup> Edition)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"518\" height=\"648\" src=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Introduction-to-Java-Programming-Book.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-52377\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Introduction-to-Java-Programming-Book.jpg 518w, https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Introduction-to-Java-Programming-Book-77x96.jpg 77w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 518px) 100vw, 518px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Introduction to Java is another well-written book on java. Comprehensive coverage of java and programming make this a useful reference for the beginner. Basic programming concepts are very nicely presented here. The examples and exercises in this book emphasize problem solving.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a class=\"moreinfo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/refer\/introduction-java-programming\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Buy This Book<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-5-java-programming-basics-2-nd-edition\">5. Java: Programming Basics (2<sup>nd<\/sup> Edition)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"333\" height=\"499\" src=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Java-Programming-Basics-for-Absolute-Beginners.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-52382\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Java-Programming-Basics-for-Absolute-Beginners.jpg 333w, https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Java-Programming-Basics-for-Absolute-Beginners-64x96.jpg 64w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 333px) 100vw, 333px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Java is a reader friendly book and specially written for the beginner. This book covered all the fundamentals of java language. This provides you examples with explanation of every portion of the code. By reading this book, you can learn java step by step and that is very effective.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a class=\"moreinfo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/refer\/java\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Buy This Book<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-6-java-a-beginner-s-guide-7-th-edition\">6. Java: A Beginner&#8217;s Guide (7<sup>th<\/sup> Edition)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1103\" height=\"1360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Java-A-Beginners-Guide.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-52378\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Java-A-Beginners-Guide.jpg 1103w, https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Java-A-Beginners-Guide-78x96.jpg 78w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1103px) 100vw, 1103px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Java, A Beginner\u2019s Guide is a well-written java book. You can start learning java with this book. If you want to get to know from the basics to advance concepts of java in one book, this book is for you. After complete reading of this book, you will be able to write code like a experienced programmer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a class=\"moreinfo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/refer\/java-2\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Buy This Book<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-7-java-how-to-program-early-objects-11-th-edition\">7. Java How to Program, Early Objects (11<sup>th<\/sup> Edition )<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"381\" height=\"499\" src=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Java-How-to-Program-Early-Objects.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-52381\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Java-How-to-Program-Early-Objects.jpg 381w, https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Java-How-to-Program-Early-Objects-73x96.jpg 73w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 381px) 100vw, 381px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Java How to Program is one of the best entry level books. It provides you easy examples to understand a topic. Though the size of the book is really big, but it\u2019s a useful one. This book worth reading.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a class=\"moreinfo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/refer\/java-3\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Buy This Book<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-8-think-java\">8. Think Java<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"381\" height=\"499\" src=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Think-Java-Book.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-52384\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Think-Java-Book.jpg 381w, https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Think-Java-Book-73x96.jpg 73w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 381px) 100vw, 381px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Think Java is an awesome book and fit for the first time programmers. After complete reading of this book , you will not only learn java language as well as how to formulate problems, think creatively and write program effieciently and accurately.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a class=\"moreinfo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/refer\/think-java\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Buy This Book<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-best-advanced-java-books\">Best Advanced Java Books<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-9-effective-java-3-rd-edition\">9. Effective Java (3<sup>rd<\/sup> Edition)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"260\" src=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Effective-Java-Book.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-52374\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Effective-Java-Book.png 200w, https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Effective-Java-Book-74x96.png 74w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Effective Java is one of the best books written on java language. This book is highly recommended for the developers and others who want to upgrade their skills to the highest level in java. The comprehensive descriptions and explanations for each item will help you to decide what to do and what not to do. I strongly recommend you this book.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a class=\"moreinfo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/refer\/effective-java\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Buy This Book<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-10-head-first-design-patterns\">10. Head First Design Patterns<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1287\" src=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Head-First-Design-Patterns-A-Brain-Friendly-Guide.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-52375\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Head-First-Design-Patterns-A-Brain-Friendly-Guide.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Head-First-Design-Patterns-A-Brain-Friendly-Guide-76x96.jpg 76w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Head First Design Patterns is another great addition to the excellent works of head first series. Anyone, who have basic knowledge of programming will find everything here to take their skills to next level. This is an amazing book for the java developers. So, collect the book as soon as possible and start journey of being a developer. I can ensure you that you won\u2019t regret for buying this book.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a class=\"moreinfo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/refer\/head-first-design-patterns\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Buy This Book<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-11-java-the-complete-reference-11-th-edition\">11. Java: The Complete Reference (11<sup>th<\/sup> Edition)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"424\" height=\"530\" src=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Java-The-Complete-Reference.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-52379\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Java-The-Complete-Reference.jpg 424w, https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Java-The-Complete-Reference-77x96.jpg 77w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 424px) 100vw, 424px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Java: The Complete Reference is a very helpful book for the java programmers, though it is not for the beginners. This book is written in the clear, crisp and uncompromising style. It gives you the deeper knowledge of java. Morever, it\u2019s easy to follow and understand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a class=\"moreinfo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/refer\/java-4\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Buy This Book<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-12-java-concurrency-in-practice\">12. Java Concurrency in Practice<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"379\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Java-Concurrency-in-Practice.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-52380\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Java-Concurrency-in-Practice.jpg 379w, https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Java-Concurrency-in-Practice-73x96.jpg 73w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 379px) 100vw, 379px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Java Concurrency in Practice is an excellent book for the java developers. It\u2019s a great book on concurrent software engineering. This book arms readers with both the theoretical underpinnings and concrete techniques for building reliable, scalable and maintainable concurrent applications. This book is strongly recommended for the java developers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a class=\"moreinfo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/refer\/java-concurrency\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Buy This Book<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-13-thinking-in-java-4-th-edition\">13. Thinking in Java (4<sup>th<\/sup> Edition)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"378\" height=\"499\" src=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Thinking-in-Java-Book.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-52385\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Thinking-in-Java-Book.jpg 378w, https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Thinking-in-Java-Book-73x96.jpg 73w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 378px) 100vw, 378px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Thinking in Java is another great book for the java programmers. This book got the JavaWorld Reader\u2019s Choice Award for Best Book in 2000. Not only this , this book earned many more awards for its extraordinary clarity and careful organization. A little programming experience is required for easily understand this book.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a class=\"moreinfo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/refer\/thinking-in-java\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Buy This Book<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-14-core-java-volume-ii-11-th-edition\">14. Core Java: Volume II (11<sup>th<\/sup> Edition)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"382\" height=\"499\" src=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Core-Java-Volume-II.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-52373\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Core-Java-Volume-II.jpg 382w, https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Core-Java-Volume-II-73x96.jpg 73w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 382px) 100vw, 382px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Core Java: Volume II is a no-nonsense tutorial and reference for experienced programmers who want to write robust java code for real world applications. This is a must have book for the java developers. By reading this book thoroughly, you will be able to master the java language and take full advantage of modern java I\/O APIs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a class=\"moreinfo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/refer\/core-java\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Buy This Book<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-conclusion\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you are searching for the best java book for you, hope you have already taken the decision which book to read after reading this blog. Don\u2019t forget to comment us sharing the name of the book with your review. If you have read any of the books listed above you can share your review with us. You can also suggest us any book, if you think that book can be helpful for us.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Java is a programming language and computing platform, developed by Sun Microsystems in 1995. It is a class-based, object-oriented general &#8230; <a title=\"14 Best Java Books for Programmers (2026)\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/best-java-books\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about 14 Best Java Books for Programmers (2026)\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":82492,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1001],"tags":[6720,6719,5582],"class_list":["post-52369","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-professional-development","tag-books","tag-java","tag-programming","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-33","no-featured-image-padding"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52369","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=52369"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52369\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":86311,"href":"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52369\/revisions\/86311"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/82492"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52369"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=52369"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.usefulblogging.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=52369"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}